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2.6 KiB
Markdown
158 lines
2.6 KiB
Markdown
---
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title: 关于服务器BPS/IOPS过高问题解决
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date: 2025-11-16 22:52:15
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tags: ["服务器"]
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categories: 故障排除
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thumbnail: "https://tc.alcy.cc/q/20250908/b568cf69c9f15a07e50f440856cfb29e.webp"
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---
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### 问题描述
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> 配置： 2H2G
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>
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> 问题：服务器`BPS/IOPS` 一直处于高负载状态，系统一直在频繁与磁盘交换数据
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>
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> 造成的结果：服务器无法连接，服务器的服务全部失去连接，控制台无法通过普通重启来重启服务器，只能强制重启或关闭
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>
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> 原因分析：运行内存不足导致，由于内存不够系统需要频繁的与磁盘不停的交换数据，占用了大量的IO。
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### 解决办法1
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升级配置，最简单最简单最无脑。
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### 解决办法2
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通过拓展swap分区来缓解此问题
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#### 查看系统的swap分区情况
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通过`swapon`查看
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```bash
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swapon --show
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```
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我这里没有任何输出，说明根本不存在swap分区。
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通过free看一下运行内存情况。
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```bash
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free -h
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```
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这里也可以看到swap全是0
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```plaint
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total used free shared buff/cache available
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Mem: 1.6Gi 831Mi 242Mi 1.8Mi 752Mi 844Mi
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Swap: 0 0 0
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```
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#### 创建并配置swap
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创建并启用一个swap (<span style="background-color: red;">注</span>：以下操作均需要<span style="color: red;">root</span>权限)
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```bash
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# 创建 swap 文件
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fallocate -l 4G /swap
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# 设置权限
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chmod 600 /swap
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# 格式化为swap
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mkswap /swap
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# 启用swap
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swapon /swap
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# 永久添加到fstab
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echo '/swap none swap defaults 0 0' >> /etc/fstab
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```
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#### 配置 swappiness
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检查`swappiness`（取值范围为 0 - 100，数值越大，使用swap的可能性越大）
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```bash
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cat /proc/sys/vm/swappiness
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# 输出
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0
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```
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我这里为0。
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编辑 `/etc/sysctl.conf`将`vm.swappiness` 修改为20
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```bash
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vim /etc/sysctl.conf
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# 修改 vm.swappiness
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# vm.swappiness = 20
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```
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#### 更新内核参数
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更新内核参数，使`swappiness`配置生效
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```bash
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sysctl -p
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```
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### 验证结果
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再次查看内存和swap情况
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```bash
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# 查看swap
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swapon --show
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#输出
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NAME TYPE SIZE USED PRIO
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/swap file 4G 547.6M -2
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# 查看内存
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free -h
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# 输出
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total used free shared buff/cache available
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Mem: 1.6Gi 746Mi 665Mi 1.8Mi 414Mi 930Mi
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Swap: 4.0Gi 780Mi 3.2Gi
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```
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